Golang Vs C++

What is C++?

C++ is a widely-used programming language across the world. It is a middle-level and object-oriented programming language that was built considering efficiency and performance. It acts as a backbone for computing tasks, a number of programs, and other programming languages. It can be adopted on any platform. So it is used to develop anything that is from developing video games to the programs that conduct space probes. It's been in use for a long time and has been put to a great extent. C++ is also used for writing compilers and interpreters for other languages.

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What is Golang?

Go, which is also referred to as GoLang, is a new programming language developed by Google with the intent of replacing C++. Like C++, Go is a general-purpose programming language. The Go language's compiler was originally written in C, but now it was written in Go, making the language self-hosted. Go along with its many IDEs and libraries are released under an attractive open-source license. Go is built for modern multicore processors. The language supports and goes beyond the current programming, which means it can execute multiple processes simultaneously with the help of different threads instead of running one task at a time. It has a delayed garbage collection which carries out memory management to avoid memory leakage.

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Comparison of C++ and GoLang:

Now, let us compare the features of C++ and GoLang. Following are some of the differences between Go and C++: 

Performance: 

In comparison with other high-level programming languages, Go is very fast. The static types, compilation and efficient garbage collection of GoLang make it very quick. It has good memory management and has pointers rather than references. Golang may boast speeds nearly four times faster than that of interpreted and dynamic friends when it comes to the speed of C++, all the time that is dedicated to coding and compilation reports here. C++ is hard to code and is a middle-level language, it is close to a machine code, and when it is compiled, it will fit the machine code. C++ does not include the features that make the code easy. C++ is lean, light and fast when we consider run time.

Go includes many in-built features, which makes the coding process easy. Its garbage collector will slow down the performance of Go. In comparison with C++, Go does not have slow performance. 

Speed and Readability: 

C++ does not have many features. But if we know the language very well, we can build any feature using the C++ language. C++ is a middle-level language and not a high-level language, while it is not as rough as the assembly language. It doesn't mean that coding in C++ is complicated, but the code that can be written in a couple of lines in the programming languages like Python will take dozens of lines in C++.

Go code is smaller. It is based on scalability and simplicity. It avoids unnecessary parenthesis and brackets; however, it gives less scope for errors. Like in C++, The programmer needs to declare each and every variable type in GoLang. However, GoLang will be easier to learn and code than C++. It has many built-in features. So, we need not write code to build those features for every project. 

When we consider the compilation time, C++ has a slow compilation time, while Go is faster to compile than C++. Also worth mentioning is the data structure. C++ features a well-known and familiar object-oriented structure, while GO is a concurrent and procedural programming language. Like C++, GoLang doesn't include classes with the constructors and deconstructors.

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Application: 

There are limitless applications of the C++ language. This is one of the main reasons that makes C++ hold its place in front of high-level languages like Go. The programmer and eventually a program may access each part of the source code itself and the machine that is executing it. It does not include any built-in features to enable and disable. It has the capability of creating any features as per the requirement. Therefore we can even create an operating system using C++. We can create anything. However, Go is a sealed system. It is very difficult to access the internal workings of Go. For example, garbage collection in Go. If a programmer wants to modify the garbage collection working, then it will be very hard for him to do. Although Go is a great language, it is not intended to work as low as C++. For this reason, Go is not used as extensively as C++, and at present, we can see Go is used at the web backend. 

Security: 

The biggest security vulnerabilities in C-language programs include profiting from buffer overflows. That is where a buffer is loaded with so much information, and the information eventually goes into the adjacent memory. This may cause a crash, or as many have found, a hole to get access to a program after being sealed. Go has restrictions to prevent this problem. In Go, pointer arithmetic is not used. We cannot use arrays with pointers; we need to access these elements through indexes. As a result, the programmers are forced to use methods which include bounds checking that avoids overflow. We need to remember that the buffer overflows do not constitute an inherent vulnerability in all the C++ programs. The method that is imposed in Go is even possible in C++; the main difference is that C++ makes the programmer lazy and creates those vulnerabilities. 

Community: 

C++ has been in use for a long time. It has a huge community behind it. So, we can easily get answers to almost all the questions we could have for C++. If we require any integration, somebody may have already made it, and it is very common that what we are embedding already has some functionality to embed in the code we are writing in C++. But there will be a price tag enclosed with it. As C++ is an old language, its modules, libraries, and tutorials are outdated. It is our choice to find a solution that is not only applicable but also modern. Go is a new language with fewer use cases, and there are fewer people behind it. The documentation of Golang is very rare, and many programmers are not interested in the language. GoLang's library is small when compared with C++. It does not include old dev kits, integrations and advice that exist on the web.  Everything that we find for Go will be new and almost up to speed. The existing code of Go works well and fits the modern development standards.  The community of Go is more live. As it is a new language, the community is eager to discover its capabilities. All the features that exist in C++ are built-in Go by the programmers and developers. There are even more things to be explored in Golang and the features that are to be developed. 

Conclusion:

All the above are some of the comparisons between Golang and C++. C++ programming is commonly used for embedded device and hardware programming. It is also used for developing large software systems. Go is commonly used to develop large software systems, particularly inside Google, for developing and maintaining in-house projects. At the same time, C++ is an open-source language. It lacks insecurity while using the programming features and the data that is managed. Go language is used for writing the code and maintaining the infrastructure and the platform-level applications and tools. We hope you understand the differences between Golang and C++. For more blogs, stay tuned to HKR Trainings website.