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SAP Fiori is a design system that enables you to create business apps with a consumer-grade user experience, turning casual users into SAP experts with simple screens that run on any device. SAP Technology provides an enormous opportunity in the IT industry. With increasing operations and markets, the need for SAP technical consultants has observed a sharp increase in job opportunities. The main job profile for SAP technical consultants is primarily based on ABAP and Fiori/UI5. In this article, let us learn about SAP Fiori interview questions asked by interviewers from technical consultants with different experiences and years. Below, we will discuss SAP Fiori interview questions.
SAP Fiori is a collection of standard applications based on SAPUI5 library provided by SAP. SAP Fiori applications share some standard design guidelines and the way in which these applications are developed. Currently, more than 500 Fiori applications are available freely.
SAPUI5 is a client-side HTML5 rendering framework or library and SAP FIORI is a collection of and released as waves of applications that are completely based on the SAPUI5 framework. It means we can create applications using the SAPUI5 framework and SAP FIORI is the final product i.e. application.
As we know, there are more than 500 Fiori applications, SAP has provided a shell or single point place from where we can access all the applications. This serves as a home page for all the Fiori applications provided. This shows a tile-based UI where every UI redirects to the assigned Fiori application. This launch is fully customizable according to your needs, like theming and all.
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Step-1: Configuring SAP Web Dispatcher specifies routing rules to define which URL is forwarded to which system is done for both transactional apps and factsheets.
Step-2: Only needs to be configured for factsheets. If we just have to configure transactional apps, we can skip.
Step-3: Configuring the front-end server, and this is done for both transactional apps and factsheets. At a high level, we need to configure:
UI layer and SAP Netweaver gateway is contained in the ABAP front-end server. The ABAP back-end server contains business logic and back-end data. Separating business logic and back-end data from the UI layer has below advantages.
By implementing SAP Single Sign-On, your apps become automatically available after just one initial user authentication at the user’s Windows desktop, with no need for further log-on procedures. Kerberos technology is the method of choice in internet scenarios for SSO. It simply re-uses your windows domain authentication for single sign-on. X.509 certificates provide a viable option for creating a secure SSO infrastructure if you’re considering extending single sign-on to an extranet or cross-company scenario.
Netweaver gateway is deployed on the same server as the business site. So multiple business suite systems require a gateway to be configured multiple times. It is not recommended by SAP, especially for customers with multiple back ends. No additional separate NetWeaver gateway system is required. It is usually used for sandbox purposes only.
Configurations of SAP Fiori apps are divided into two parts, i.e., the configuration of transaction apps and fact sheets configuration of analytical apps. Following are configuration steps in SAP Fiori.
SAP Hana XS engine contains two components-Hana Live App content and SMART Business components with KPI Modeller. Within Hana Live App content, VDM reuse content exists.
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MVC approach defines in SAPUI5 has the following points.
SAPUI5 library provides a special API “sap.ui.Device,” which can be used for the device and its feature detection. This API has a flag “sap.ui.Device.touch” which returns true if the device is a touch screen otherwise false.
OData is a protocol used to exchange data on the web and was originally developed by Microsoft. It is based on atom publishing and atom syndication standards, which in turn, are based on XML and HTTPS(S). OData defines the following.
Configuring the ABAP front-end server includes the following.
There are five design principles in SAP Fiori applications.
The sequence of steps that are involved in the SAP Fiori launchpad.
Workflow scenario aggregates one or more workflow tasks in a workflow engine and is represented by a single entry in the consumer's application. The service /IWPGW/TASK PROCESSING is provided in the standard.
We need to perform certain configuration tasks on the front-end server specific to app type. We need to activate OData services for transactional apps and factsheets but not for analytical apps. For analytical apps, we need to configure access to SAP HANA data.
The following are app launched tile types in SAP Fiori.
OData services have to be enabled in the SAP Netweaver gateway to establish a mapping between the technical OData name and the corresponding back-end service. In order to set up SAP Fiori launchpad and launchpad designer, we have to activate five specific OData services.
SAP solution manager is the standard platform for Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) and plays a decisive role within the ALM tools. Besides providing SAP functionality itself, SAP solution manager integrates the other tools to ensure a comprehensive approach.
The Launchpad user must have the PFCG role SAP_UI2_USER_700 assigned. With this role, the user can run the SAP Fiori launchpad on the personalization level and has the authorization to execute the following OData services.
Using a UI theme designer, you can create your themes to adapt the visual appearance of applications. One single tool for theming and branding SAP’s key user interfaces. Apply your corporate branding and look to applications built with SAP UI technologies. The UI theme designer is a browser-based tool for cross-theming scenarios.
SAP Gateway Service Builder (transaction SEGM) is a design-time environment that provides developers with an easy-to-use set of tools for creating services. The code-based OData channel consumes it and supports developers throughout the development life cycle of a service.
IW_BEP on Business Suite & IW_FND on Gateway Layer
The configuration is stored in the component.js file of the custom application. The component of the custom application needs to inherit from the main component of the original application. To make the location of the original application or component known to SAPUI5, it may be necessary to use the register module path.
For analytical apps, you need SAP Hana as an underlying database, with no expectations. Within the XS engine, there are two components. The HANA live app content for the respective business suite and the smart business component with the KPI modeller. The VDM reuse content exists within the HANA live content, which can be modified.
Three routing rules need to be defined in the SAP NWG system.
The routing rules need to be defined in the HANA studio
We can use SAP Fiori launchpad designer for configuring and creating groups and catalog, which can then be accessed from SAP Fiori Launchpad which is a single entry point to all apps. We can search recently launched apps via the search capability of Launchpad.
In this blog, we have discussed frequently asked SAP Fiori Interview Questions. It includes basic level, intermediate level & advanced level questions that fit all the SAP modules. Candidates who want to get a job as an SAP executive or others should go through the questions and answers mentioned above. To get any technical position, theory and basic concepts are necessary for freshers applying for the SAP job roles, but for an experienced candidate, both practical and applied concepts are mandatory. Hope this article is useful for both freshers and experienced candidates.
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