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Quicken your Fortinet Firewall professional career with the help of HKR’s recently designed Fortinet Interview Questions and Answers article. Fortinet technology is suited for those who are having knowledge of LAN networking, CCNA, Network engineering, Switching, MPLS, IP routing, CISCO Routers, Router configuration, and IP Addressing. As per the Gartner report, Almost 7.8% of the companies are implementing a Fortinet Firewall for security purposes. Because of its huge demand, you can expect a lot of Fortinet job opening. So let’s start learning the top 30 Fortinet Interview questions with answers.
Ans: FortiGate is a firewall that was released by Fortinet. It enables protection against malware and automated visibility to stop attacks. It includes features like intrusion prevention system (IPS), web filtering, secure sockets layer (SSL) inspection, and automated threat protection. FortiGate has also equipped with Artificial Intelligence (AI), which helps in proactive threat detection.
Ans: Fortinet was founded in the year 2000 by Ken Xie and Michael Xie (siblings). They have released their first product, FortiGate, in the year 2002. Between the years 2000 and 2003, the company has raised $13 million in private funding and $30 million in financing. Over the last decade, the company has acquired many security-related software vendors. Fortinet recently released an AI-powered product, called FortiAI in February 2020.
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Ans: Fortinet is an American MNC having over 7000 employees with its headquarters at Sunnyvale, California. Fortinet provides security-driven networking solutions such as firewalls, anti-spam, endpoint security, spyware, anti-virus, etc. Fortinet also announced a technical certification program called Network Security Expert (NSE) to enable more developers on cybersecurity.
Ans: A traditional firewall is a device that controls the flow of traffic that enters or exits the network. It either uses a stateless or stateful method to achieve this. It can only track the traffic on 2 to 4 layers.
Ans: The Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW) acts as a deep-packet inspection firewall. It includes all the functionalities of a traditional firewall. Additionally, it provides application awareness, Integrated Intrusion Protection System (IPS), Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) inspection, and Shell (SSH) control.
Ans: Following are the main differences between the traditional firewall and Next-Generation firewall,
Ans: Unified Threat Management (UTM) protects users from security threats. It provides a variety of security features in a single platform that can be used by IT teams to address security challenges. It includes functionalities like anti-virus, content filtering, unapproved website access, spyware, etc.
Ans: Integrated threat management is an approach used to face malware such as blended threats, spam, etc. It protects from intrusion at both gateway and endpoint levels. It enables simplified administration by protecting from all threats for every component in a heterogeneous and integrated environment.
Ans: The Fortinet Security Fabric has defined as a broad, integrated, and automated cybersecurity platform. It provides seamless protection through expanding attack surface, the profusion of endpoints across multiple environments, etc. It increases the speed of operation by linking different tools through a single console and eliminates security gaps.
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Ans: FortiGate uses AES and DES symmetric-key algorithms for encrypting and decrypting data. Some of the algorithms supported by FortiGate are,
Ans: Security Fabric provides situational awareness to management and enables continuous improvement. It will establish awareness throughout the network, which means understanding threats. It focuses on understanding the flow of data or information across the network. It controls which packet gets to where and to whom.
Ans: Security Fabric provides a unified view of the distributed attack surface. It has a common set of threat intelligence and centralized orchestration. So it correlates global threat intelligence with local network data and delivers actionable threat intelligence to every security device in your network.
Ans: Security should be provided end-to-end at a deep inspection level. Security Fabric's software not only scales within the environment, but it also scales seamlessly tracking data from IoT and endpoints. It protects the packet data across distributed networks from IoT to the Cloud.
Ans: In an organization, security has to be provided for the tools and services across the network. Security Fabric acts like a single collaborative entity by allowing individual device elements to share global and local threat intelligence and threat mitigation information.
Ans: An organization might have multiple security devices that serve different purposes. Security Fabric provides open APIs that have to be used to include these devices from technology to an integrated Fortinet security solution. It allows interaction points such as a hypervisor, the SDN orchestration controller, cloud, sandbox, etc.
Ans: Fortinet Fabric-Ready partner program expands openness by providing integration through open APIs and a variety of scripts using DevOps tools. Fabric connectors allow integration with Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, VMWare NSX, etc. It enables automation of workflows, security policies, and application deployments.
Ans: Fortinet firewalls are nothing but purpose-built with security processors mainly used to enable the industry’s best threat protection and performance for SSL-encrypted traffic in an organization. This Fortinet Firewall mainly offers the following usages such as granular visibility of applications, user data protection, and secured IoT devices. These types of appliance firewalls are designed to track any kind of to track the issues.
Ans: Global encryption means to allow only strong ciphers (AES, 3DES) and digest (SHA1) for HTTPS, SSH, and SSL/TLS. We can use the below command to configure FortIOS:
Ans: LDAP servers and SMTP servers are the two server types that are used to provide recipient verification.
Ans: Steps are as follows;
Go to Select log & Report ->then select Log settings and configure Remote Logging to FortiAnalyzer/ FortiManager (or Select Encrypt log transmission button).
Ans: The FortiMail unit acts as a proxy and does the following operations,
Ans: Below are important points which explain how to perform molding Fortinet firewalls;
Ans: If the FortiMail unit is operating in transparent mode, then the administrator doesn't have to configure DNS records for protected domain names.
Ans: FortiMail unit calculates a sender reputation score and performs actions based on the threshold,
Ans: In the Fortigate, the Web cache mechanism sends a message like “I see you” which is later stored by the FortiGate unit.
Ans: Session profile has to be used to protect against denial of service attacks.
Ans: FGCP stands for FortiGate Clustering Protocol. This is one of the proprietaries and popular high availability solutions offered by Fortinet firewall. FortiGate High Availability solution mainly contains two firewalls, which are used for configuring the high availability operation.
Ans: The steps are as follows;
Ans: Here you can follow the given CLI commands for the backup configuration;
Execute backup config management- station
Execute backup config USD < Filename-backup> [
For FTP;
Execute backup config ftp
For TFTP;
Execute backup config tftp
Ans:If the hard disk logging is disabled, then the logs are written to flash memory. Constant rewrites to flash drives will reduce the lifetime and efficiency of the memory.
Ans: User can disable the administrative activity access from the outside world through GUI (user interface) AND CLI through CLI;
Config system interface
Edit
Unset allow access
End.
Via:
Network -> interfaces, edit external interface and disable five protocols: HTTPS, PING, HTTP, SSH, and TELNET under administrative access.
Ans: The following is the important CLI code snippet to disable or deactivate USB installation;
Ans: Below are the important options available to resolve any issue;
Ans: The attempt will be accepted when there is a matching WAN optimization passive rule.
Ans: The envelop MAIL FROM field contains a null reverse-path when a bounce verification key is created and activated.
Ans: The flash memory contains firmware images along with system configuration and certificates.
Ans: SMTP sessions for the protected domain.
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