Oracle Service Bus Tutorial

What is Orcale Service Bus?

It is a messaging component of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) suite, which is built upon for SOA life cycle management. It has a stronger capabilities to handle enterprise service abstraction i.e., quality of dealing ideas rather than events apart from providing routing and service transformation. 

OSB Overview

Based on the required functional policy made by enterprise, this enterprise service bus is designed and configured for SOA life cycle management to provide the rapid service. Service like identity, process, deployed and manage transformation of messages. 

OSB is policy driven, configured and designed for enterprise service with SOA life cycle management. Intermediation, discovery, rapid service, deployment and governance are capabilities of provision.

Services like intelligent message broker, message transformation, monitoring and administration will combine to connect existing middleware software, data sources and protect the environment.

OSB believes in and follows the practices  principles of SOA for standard services. no matter the underlying infrastructure, it performs functions like connecting business services to consumer services and back-end business services.

Figure shows the OSB as a service intermediary in SOA landscape.

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Oracle Service Bus Intermediary

Installation Overview

Depending on your specific needs, there are multiple places where you can obtain Oracle Fusion Middleware software.  Few software components may be needed based on the need of services required for routing and conversion of messages. you will also need the Oracle Service Bus installer.

Oracle Service Bus required Installing Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse (OEPE) for installing OSB along with IDE. It creates the home directories of Middleware and weblogic. Some required patches need to be installed for oracle SOA and Oracle AIA foundation pack.  Also install required schemas for reporting and OWSM.
Hello World Service

Hello World service with both Business and Proxy Service. It exposes a service that returns a greeting message “hello” to all user names. To gain full use of this OSB, we need to design according to the requirement of business and proxy services.  It interacts with SOA/BPEL web services or EIS (Enterprise Information System) and proxy do the message service by validating and transforming the incoming message with required format.

Business case requirement:  OSB project is associated with some service bus application. Rather than working from an application with an oracle service bus project. We can directly access projects with the same application. By copy WSDL and schema files and past in the OSB project under some folder. To run the service application by invoke through OSB need few steps:

User enters product number to retrieve item information.

• Through web services, the query retrieves details from a database with product number. 
• Returns item information for production number.
• Else no item found for entered product number.

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Branching

1.Conditional Branch node in OSB:  Based on conditional branch note, we can route the incoming requests to different business services.

• equal to (=)
• not equal to (!=)
• less than (
• less than or equal to (
• greater than (>)
• greater than or equal to (>=)

2.Operational Branch node: It is a query based operational service.As the same example of retrieving the item with product number.

Functions

Below figure shows the primary functional areas of Service Bus.

1. Adaptive Messaging

Flexible and manipulation message handling between clients and services through Adaptive messaging.It supports different communication patterns of inbound and outbound messages such as request/response, split-join, synchronous/asynchronous and publish/ subscribe.

2. Service Security

Oracle Platform Security Services and Oracle Web Services Manager (OWSM) are bases for security services at all levels. It allows flexibility in provision of security at all levels even though it plugs-in to proxy security components.

Transport-level security, including SSL, basic authorization, and custom security credentials
Message-level security, including WS-Security, SAML, user ID and password, X509, signing and encryption and custom security credentials
Security of console including SSO and role-based access
Policy security

3. Service Virtualization

Through virtualization services with validation, it provides the communication flexibility throughout message flow in transformation, message routing, inbound and outbound messages in multiple ways, trigger alert and error handling. OSB capabilities in virtualization service as follows:

• External services for message routing through XQuery-based policies or callouts.  to external services for message routing.
• Point-to-point and one-to-many routing scenarios through routing policies through subscription filters.
• Modification of routes enabled through routing tables abstracted from pipelines.
• Runtime protocol and content based routing through conditional routing.
• XQuery or XSLT maps through transformation services.
• Routing policies classify based on identity and client into user groups accounts.   
• For message routing decisions, enrichment and modify behavior will be looked into the database.

4. Configuration Framework

Full control over business services and its associated users will support this policy. This configuration framework includes test console, session management, and import/export tools. it has the ability to control the current configuration for any changes being made.

Process service discovery, synchronization of registries, and auto import are included in this framework.

[ Related article: Fusion Financials ]

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Service Management

It is a powerful runtime tool for monitoring, triggering alerts and reporting.  OSB is integrated with Fusion Middleware Control for SOA-wide service management which facilitates following services:

• Collect data about message invocations, trigger errors, characteristics performance, messages progress and service-level agreement violations.
• With the help of SLA and SNMP taps(alerts), invokes integration with proxy management solutions.  
• Provides log messages for both operations and business auditing.
• Search index extracts key information from a message and provides reports.
• Support to integrate with proxy systems to manage enterprise system frameworks.
• Integrate with widely adopted third-party reporting tools as well as custom enterprise system management frameworks.
• Support interfaces for operational and deployment of JMX monitoring interfaces and SNMP Alerts.
   

5. Exception Handling

• OSB handles various exceptions like Error handling: by adding an “error handler” to the stage, it will activate and even support the proxy system.
• Add caching to minimize calls to external systems: The result of search gets saved in cache and it will retrieve data when the same query request arrives.
• Throttle requests before they are sent to back-end systems : Caching might not be feasible for dynamic queries.
• Returning a fault message: first data provides possible fault messages, it is the user who is responsible how to handle the fault messages. It will resolve inbound synchronous and outbound asynchronous methods.
• Storing faults in a persistent store: Initial request will be in an asynchronous scenario, I will not last longer in fault message. To handle later manually, it has to be saved in a persistent store.
• Include message processing in a distributed transaction: Message executed in active transitions, then it will retrieve and store in transitional resources, after then it will process successfully.  This is how message processing works in distributed transactions for reliable messaging.  

Routes

OSB creates XQuery resources in two services; observe that is using purely business service and configuration dynamic routing.

Publish action with Error Handling in OSB 11g
Services like callout, routing and publishing will invoke service in OSB.  

Dynamic Routing

Parallel interaction of communication services executives multiple tasks to implement inbound and outbound message services.

Transport protocols

Integrate applications into enterprise-class services (web and legacy). With the support of protocol, the proxy system operates, otherwise communication services protocol is not required to use Web Services/SOAP/HTTP.

Working on JMS interactions

Operational request supported by JMS adapter of SOA suite. We can study both synchronous and asynchronous modes of process.

DB interaction Work

Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control performs different types of administration tasks.

[ Related Article: oracle fusion scm Training ]

Oracle Fusion Middleware Overview

Oracle Fusion Middleware is a collection of software products that extend across tools and services. It supports completely for development, integration, deployment, collaboration and operations of applications. It monitored runtime by using Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control Console.

Transformations

Here it explains the usage of map, transform and translate the data.

XQuery Functions

XQuery Editors and Mappers

Script transformations using XQuery and a XQuery Mapper. OSB console gives an editor options for scripting transformation and provides to define XQuery responses. JDeveloper provides Expression Builder to create complex mapping. Even it evaluates at runtime.

JDeveloper Editors and Mappers

It is a graphical tool that shows the mapping about schema root elements, which comes from XSD schema files/WSDL files. After creating an XSLT mapping in JDeveloper. Need to upload a .xsl file to generate a mapper to an XSLT console.

JDeveloper has a variety of Expression Builder which create specified expressions to an existing XSLT for users to use. We get more information in following topics

1. "Creating Transformations with the XQuery Mapper" in Developing SOA Applications with Oracle SOA Suite

2. "Building XPath Expressions in the Expression Builder in Oracle JDeveloper" in Developing SOA Applications with Oracle SOA Suite

Oracle Service Bus Console Editors

For the use of users to specify a Query to get responses, XQuery/XSLT Expression Editor solutions. First need to create the user in the console and upload Xquery transformations file to the user. Then it allows the user to create complex mapping in JDeveloper. It will support reuse of XQuery in multiple pipelines.

Applying Security

Depends on Oracle Platform Security Services (OPSS) and Oracle Web Services Manager (OWSM) ensures security for web services at all levels. Security Services like authorizations, confirming identity, authentication, work mapping, and audit Oracle OWSM are used and configured first to get framework policy to manage and provide security services to the entire organization.

Built-in features allow flexibility for implementation to enable security at all the levels. Such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), credentials and transport level security.

Securities at levels like web services, user ID and password, Message-level, encryption, signing and client credentials.

Security in console including SSO (single-sign-on) and role access policies.

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Rest Features

Integrate Representational State Transfer (REST) process as combined components in oracle service bus project. First the support was for Proxy and business services of virtualization layer supported to REST. The REST service invokes the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) pipeline or split join to convert from SOAP.  SOAP is a protocol used in the context of a SOA framework.  Where REST invokes internal and external services, internal is WSDL and external is proxy with the need to convert from XML. 

Oracle Service Bus provides the following REST support:

• Pipline of proxy business services
• Harmony with external REST APIs
• XML, and URL-encoded data is export to JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
• JDeveloper wizard for modeling REST interfaces and WSDL mappings
• Automatic creation of a WADL file based on an underlying WSDL (SOAP to REST) or by designing the API in the REST binding wizard.
• Navigate Oracle REST endpoints from within JDeveloper
• Oracle Web Services Manager (OWSM) policy and OAuth 2 policy support for REST security

Certain Service Bus support the Hypermedia as the Engine of Application State (HATEOAS) approach by giving commands in the pipeline which include some features.

• Frame the HTTP link header in a REST proxy service response.
• Review the value of the HTTP link header in a REST enterprise service request.
• Prevailing the endpoint URI for a REST enterprise service request.

By creating a REST proxy service; it can be invoked from REST clients.

OSB Case-study: OSB Tutorial considering the use-case:

Note: For demo purpose, we can take Schema files and save them with relevant names in the folder Service Bus project.

Business case requirement:

• Simple use case for Loan process in bank
• When Customer requests a loan, it goes through various processes to get it approved.
• customer enters basic details like personal details and loan amount requested Amount.
• If the loan amount is less than or equal to 5 Lakhs, then it goes through the default loan approval process.
• Otherwise, if entered loan amount is greater than 5 Lakhs,then it goes to Branch Manager for approval

Assumptions:

There are two web services for Bank Loan Process up & running on the application server
This web services can be invoked only through OSB
Two web services are
1. Default Loan approval service
2. Branch Manager for approval service 

Conclusion:

That ends our introduction to the Oracle Service Bus. If you do have any queries on the same,please do not hesitate to leave a comment and we will respond to it as soon as possible. Also,if there are any areas of improvement you may see,kindly leave your feedback as well which is always much appreciated.

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