Many professionals use Excel in their daily activities. Some include accountants, managers, project managers, financial analysts, data scientists and analysts, data journalists, business analysts, e.t.c. Excel provides them with different functions that perform different tasks. They help the professionals simplify complex tasks, do jobs faster, automate repetitive tasks, and be exceptional with their team. Knowing how to use the functions well separates you from the rest of Excel users who use long formulas instead of embracing functions. The article will cover more about the Workday Excel function, a data time function that automates most date calculations.
A workday function is an Excel function that provides users with a date that shows the number of working days before or at the starting date. Users can also use the function to subtract or add any days from a given date. When calculating analysis in finance using the workday function, you have to eliminate all the weekends and holidays when calculating the invoice dates, the expected delivery date, and the number of days there was work.
The formula for calculating the workday function is:
= WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays])
It has three arguments.
We have the starting dates as 12/08/2022, 13/08/2022, 14/08/2022, and 15/08/2022 and the number of days as 32,33,34,35, respectively. To calculate the output, we use the following formulas for each starting day as follows:
We use the Excel Workday function when we need to do the following:
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Let us look at several examples of how you can use the function to do different calculations in excel.
Example 1In our first example, let us assume we have the following start dates and number of working days. We shall use the following formula as shown in the excel sheet.
Start dates Number of working days
10/08/2022 3
13/08/2022 7
18/08/2022 23
24/08/2022 10
Copy the start dates into the A column excel sheet and the number of working days into column B. Create another column under C and name it Formula, and the last column name it Result. Let us now calculate the first value, the date will be under A2, and the number of working days will be B2, the formula will be =WORKDAY(A2, B2) which will bring the result. The others will use the same formulas as shown below.
In this example, we will look at a case where a particular team has to work on a specific project, and the team has assumed it will take 40 days. The team does not work on holidays and weekends. Let us calculate when they will finish the project.
Let's assume they will start on 20/08/2022. Let us place our starting date in cell B1, the number of days in B2, and the holidays will be in cells D and E. To calculate the day the team will finish the project, we will use the WORKDAY function as shown below:
=WORKDAY(B1,B2,E2:E11)
The E2 and E11 represent the holidays.
The result can be calculated in Excel as shown below:
=WORKDAY(A2,1), and you apply it to the rest of the cells upto where you want. You will notice that the formula has skipped all the weekends when the team is not working.
The excel sheet will look like this:
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In this example, we have working days in a column. We want to confirm whether, among the days, there are non-working days. We want to have two outputs where when it is a working day, it returns working, and when it is a holiday, it returns a holiday. We will use the following formula:
=IF(WORKDAY(A2-1,1,$E$3:$E$4)=A2,”Working”,”Holiday”)
The excel sheet will be as follows
In this example, we will use the workday function to calculate the next business day that will come after six months. We use the following formulae
=WORKDAY(EDATE(A2,6)-1,1,A8:A10)
The formula gets the next six months. EDATE handles the future months and subtracts 1 from the formulae, assigning the results to the start_date. Here is the excel sheet
How to calculate several random days when given two dates? The random days should exclude non-working days, which are weekends. Our starting date will be 1/31/2022, and the ending date will be 5/25/2022. To get the result, we will introduce the RANDBETWEEN concept, which will help calculate the days. The formulae used will be as shown below:
=C4=WORKDAY(RANDBETWEEN($B$2,$B$3)-A22,1)
Cell C will have the random days, and B will have the start and end dates. In our formula, we subtract 2 to avoid getting the random date that is the same as the end date. When you apply the random formulae, you get the following dates as shown in the sheet below.
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Some of the common Workday function errors include the following:
Some of the important characteristics of workday function include the following:
Excel has many functions that make calculations fast and easier. The workday function is one of the date and time functions that has helped solve many calculations involving dates. Many Excel users like data analysts, accountants, and students must understand how to use the excel functions in their daily activities to make their work easier. You can learn these functions on your own or attend workday training that will equip you with the required skills that match the job specifications and boost your career.
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The workday formula calculates the number of working days in the past or future.
You can calculate due dates in Excel using the workday function. For example, if the start date is 5-Jan-2020 and is under cell B4, the total days are 100, and in cell C4. We calculate the due date using the following formula =WORKDAY(B4, C4)
You use the DATEDIF() function, which has the following syntax =DATEDIF(Start_Date, End_Date, Metric). The metric can be days, years, or months.
The formula we use to calculate days between two dates is simple subtraction. You subtract the dates from each other.