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Salesforce's technologies are constantly evolving. The demand for qualified professionals continues to grow. So If you are a professional seeking a career in salesforce lightning, this blog will help you. Attending an interview with a deep understanding of the concept will definitely help you to grab the opportunity. So to help you in this aspect, our experts have listed frequently asked Salesforce Lightning interview questions into Basic, Intermediate, and Experienced levels. So, Let's go through them.
Let's get started,
Lightning is the compilation of tools and technologies that support an important upgrade of the Salesforce platform. Salesforce Lightning covers:
Visual Building Tools: Drag and drop technologies help you create and customize apps quickly and easily. The Lightning App Builder is used to personalize the Salesforce1 mobile app and the Lightning Experience. Community Builder is used to personalizing template-based communities.
Experience: A set of modern UI's optimized for speed. It includes the Salesforce1 Mobile app, template-based communities, and Lightning Experience.
Lightning Component Framework: A set of standard components and Javascript framework which enables us to develop reusable components to personalize the Salesforce1 mobile app template-based communities and the Lightning experience and develop our own standalone apps.
Lightning Design System: Best Practices of Modern Enterprise UX and Style Guides to develop perfect pixel apps which will match the appearance of the Salesforce1 Mobile app as well as Lightning Experience.
Lightning Exchange: An AppExchange section where we can find more than 70 partner components to get our development back on track.
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Lightning connect: It is an integration tool which enables our Force.com app to more easily consume data from the external source which meets the OData specifications.
Lightning Component Framework: The Components and extensions which enable us to create standalone applications, reusable components and personalize the Salesforce1 mobile applications.
Lightning Process Builder: It is a user interface tool to view and create automated business processes.
Lightning App Builder: It is the new user interface tool that allows us to build applications very quickly with the help of components from Salesforce and platform developers.
Lightning Schema Builder: It is a user interface tool to view and create fields, objects, and relationships.
Lightning Data Service is a set of components, functions, and wire adapters provided by Salesforce. Its objective is to manage the information on behalf of us, making it easy for us to read and write the records and using SDL to reflect these changes in all other components, whether these are standard Salesforce components or our own customized ones built using this technology.
SDLS refers to the Salesforce Lightning Design System. It is the framework behind the appearance of Salesforce Lightning. It provides design guidance on the operation of components from a user experience perspective along with blueprints of HTML components, including those not existing as basic components of lightning. It is the most commonly used part of it. It provides the stylesheet that enables us to implement consistent styles in the components easily.
A bundle includes Aura's definition and the associated resources. The definition may include a component, interface, event, application, or token collection. An Aura definition Bundle component is a folder which includes definition files. In contrast to other metadata components, an AuraDefinition Bundle component is not a single file; it is a set of files. Every file indicates a resource within a bundle, like applications, markup, code files (including helpers and controllers), documentation, events, and interfaces.
Locker Service provides a high-performance security architecture for the Lightning components. Locker Service improves safety by separating Lightning components which are part of a component namespace within a different namespace. It also boosts the best practices that enhance the ability to support the code by providing access to the supported APIs and removing access to the non-published framework internals.
FlexiPage is the metadata related to a Lightning page. A Lightning page provides a customizable screen consisting of regions with Lightning components. A Lightning page may have up to 25 components. Flexi pages are stored in the form of XML files and can be deployed with the help of any deployment tool or Metadata API. Lightning pages are called FlexiPages in the API and called Lightning pages elsewhere in the SFDC documentation.
The Value Providers within the Lightning Component encapsulate the associated values and use them for data access. There are two value providers of a component I\in Salesforce Lightning: v (View) and c (Controller).
Various types of events within the salesforce lightning components are:
Application Event: The extent of the application event is through the lightning application, and the element that has registered for its event will receive an alert.
System Events: Throughout the Lightning App life cycle, Salesforce initiates system events.
Component Event: The scope of the component event lies within itself or in the parent component of that event, So, all parent components will receive an alert.
Controller: Includes client-side controller methods for managing events within the component.
Component: User interface to the lightning component.
Helper: The JavaScript functions which can be called out of any JavaScript code in the packet of a component.
Document: sample code, Description, and one or more references to the components example.
Style: Includes the component styles.
Design: Necessary files for components that are used in Lightning pages, Lightning App Builder, or Community Builder.
Renderer: Client-side renderer for overriding the default rendering of a component.
SVG: Custom icon resource to the components that are used in the community Builder, Lightning App Builder.
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The components of visualforce focus on the page, and the majority of the work is carried out on the server. Lightning is intended from the component up instead of using the page concept as its fundamental unit. The Lightning components are customer-centric, making them dynamic and easy to use.
A number of options exist for the displaying lightning component.
Lightning Experience: We are able to view the component in the lightning experiment with the help of the App Builder. We may change the home page, modify a record details page, or create or modify a new application page for including it.
Template-based community: we may display the component within the template-based community with the help of the Community Builder.
Salesforce1 Mobile Application: Components in the Salesforce1 Mobile application can be viewed by creating a custom Lightning tab that refers to it and adding this tab to the mobile navigation.
Standalone Lightning application: By creating a standalone Lightning application and including components in that application. Access the Lightning application through URL.
Component events serve as a means of communicating between the child and the parent. They use bubbling to capture the same thing used in DOM events. A change within a child component may be communicated with the parent component through a component event.
The purpose of application events is to communicate any changes in the component to a wider audience. Any component that has registered to participate in this event will receive a notification.
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The advantages include a set of an event-driven architecture, out-of-box components, and a performance-optimized framework.
Out-of-box component set: Includes a set of ready-to-use components to start building applications. We need not spend our time optimizing our applications for various devices because the components look after them for us.
Rich component ecosystem: Develop ready-to-use components and provide them in Salesforce1, Communities, and Lightning Experience.
Performance: Uses both stateless server and stateful client architecture that relies on client-side JavaScript to manage the user interface. It makes smart use of your browser, server, network, and devices to allow you to concentrate on the interactions and logic of your applications.
Event-driven architecture: This is for improved decoupling among components.
Faster development: Allows teams to work more quickly with out-of-the-box components that work perfectly with mobile devices and desktops.
Cross-browser and aware device compatibility: Its design is responsive and supports the latest browser technologies like HTML5, css3, and touch events.
Two different programming models are available for the Lightning components. One of them is the Aura framework for developing Aura components, and the other is the Lightning Web components framework.
In the Aura components, we may use any basic data types like String, arrays, object, date, etc. We may define Aura attributes for holding SObjects and moving advanced data types like functions, Apex-defined data types, and we may define an attribute that may store other components. Here things are much simpler because it is not necessary to define data types to our attributes. This indicates that an attribute can hold any of the Javascript data types. For example, we can use any of the standard data types, Promises, HTML Nodes, functions, and anything that we need.
There are three phases to events: Bubbling, Capture, and Default.
Bubbling phase: In this phase, the event goes up the DOM on the way, notifying the event listener. It means the innermost elements are the first event handlers to run.
Capturing phase: The will travel fromto[ to the bottom of the DOM. First, it calls the outermost event handler.
Default Phase: This is the third phase. At this phase, the event handlers are called non-deterministically.
By default, the events triggered by Lightning components make their appearance and are handled by their parent component, whatever the phase.
Aura is an open-source technology that operates lighting components. Aura: namespace includes all primary building blocks for defining applications and components.
Attributes are variables used to store values. We need to define the Name, Type, Access, Default, and Description fields within the attribute definition. Only Name and Type are the parameters needed in the attribute definition.
We can build Lightning record pages with the help of Lightning App Builder. Below are various types of lightning record pages:
The @AuraEnabled annotations make it possible to Lightning components for accessing Apex methods and properties. AuraEnabled Annotation is overloaded, which can be used for various purposes. AuraEnabled is used over Apex class static methods to access them, like the remote control actions within our lightning components. @AuraEnabled is used over Apex Instance properties and methods to make them serializable when we want to return the class instance as server-side action data.
Force: record data is the traditional controller of the Lightning component. We can perform actions such as creating, editing, and deleting a record by force: record data. If we need to use force: record data, it deletes and identifies the replicate request passing to the server when we request the same record data.
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We use bound and unbound expressions to perform data binding. When a child component is called from the parent component, value can be sent to the child component attribute from the parent component attribute.
Lightning: navigation can be used to navigate to a page reference or to create a URL based on the given page reference. To navigate, we need to specify the reference object of the page. Page Reference is the javascript object that refers to a page, providing a defined structure which describes the page type and its corresponding values. The following supported features may be navigated:
Action provider: It enables us to manage actions, handlers, and events for the component.
Value provider: It enables us to use the value of the component attribute within the javascript component and the markup controller.
LWC refers to Lightning Web Components. We can build Lightning components with the help of Lightning Web Components. Lightning web components are conventional HTML elements built across advanced elements such as javascript and HTML. We can create the components with the help of any model and detect the components over the lightning page. In order to develop the lightning web components, "Salesforce Extensions for the Visual Studio Code" is required, and for deploying the LWC from the organization, "salesforce CLI" is required.
Javascript defines the behavior of HTML properties.
When we need to import a defined function, variable, and class into the module, we need to use the import statement.
In Lightning Web Components, the javascript files are the ES6 modules. Anything we define in the module is local.
The Core module for lightning web components is the LWC. The "Import" statement will import the LightningElement from the module LWC.
Scratch org is a scalable salesforce org which is used for testing and development. The default duration for Scratch org is seven days. We can create a scratch org after 30days after the date we have deactivated the Scratch org.
Conclusion:
All the above are some of the frequently asked Salesforce Lightning Interview Questions listed by our Experts. We hope you found these questions helpful. Learning these questions will help you to crack your interview very easily.
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