Python VS JAVA

Introduction to Python

Python is a widely-used programming language; this supports procedure-oriented as well as Object-oriented programming. Python is considered a minimalist language. There are lots of advantages of using this language, few of them are simple to use, compatibility, and availability of open-source libraries. It also helps in the analysis of large data through its high-performance features. Python is widely considered as the preferred language for learning machine learning. Most of the python’s features allow us to perform data handling and data manipulation in a greater way. Python programming codes enable us to think like a programmer and not waste time with confusing syntax.

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Introduction to JAVA

JAVA is a class-based object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.JAVA is a high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. JAVA programs are interpreted by the JVM or JAVA virtual machine this runs on multiple platforms.JAVA programs are multi-platform and can run on different platforms such as Macintosh, Windows, UNIX, and Linux. This language is used to build a small application module or applet for the use of a web page.This is user-friendly and easy to install on any computer. 

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Code Differences between Python and JAVA

JAVA VS Python: Typing difference

As is said earlier, both Python and JAVA are both object-oriented languages whereas JAVA uses the static types, while Python uses the dynamic types. This typing difference is the most significant and this affects how you design, write the codes, and fundamentally troubleshoot the errors. Let me explain the two codes with an example;

First, in python, we need to create an array with some data in it and print them on the console.

Python code example;

Stuff1 = [ “Hello, World!”, “Hi, there everybody!”, 6]

  For i in Stuff1:

  Print (i)

JAVA code example;

Public class Test1

{

   Public static void main (string args [])

   {

  String Array [] = { “Hello, world”, “Hi there, everyone”, “6”};

  For (String i: array )

  {

     System. Out.PrintIn (i);

   }

}

   }

Explanation:

In python, we declare two strings and an integer in the same array type and then it will print the contents. While in JAVA, we should declare a list of strings and insert three string values in it. 

One drawback of using JAVA is that we can’t mix the types in a JAVA array. The code won’t compile in JAVA;

String array [] = { “ Hello, world”, “ Hi there, Everyone” , 6};

In python, we no need to provide a type when we declare the array type and also we can use it when we need it. It’s up to the users, so there is less chance of misusing the contents.

Example:

Stuff1 = [ “hello, world!, “ hi there, Everyone! “, 6]

For I in stuff1:

  Print ( i + “poocherry!”)

Code readability and formatting

First, let’s take an example from Java and python and compare them. In the below example, here we should open a large text file, and need to collect each line which is separated by commas, first check with the Python program,

Def get_symbol1 (Filename):

   With open (Filename, “r”) as in_files:

Records = []

   Count = 0

  Symbol_set = “ “

   For line in in_file:

  Symbol_set = symbol_set + line [: -1] + ‘,’

  Count = count + 1

 If count % 25 == 0:

  Records. Append (Symbol _ set)

  Symbol_set = “ “

 Symbols. Append (symbol_set)

  Return records

Now let’s move to the JAVA code:

List  getsymbols (string filename) throws TO Exception

{

List  records = new ArrayList <> ();

Try (BufferReader reader = new BufferedReader (new FileReader (filename)))

   {

  String line;

   Int count = 0;

  StringBuilder symbol_set = new stringBuilder ();

  While (( line = reader. Readerline ()) ! =null)

{

   Symbol_set.append (line). Append ( “,”);

    Count ++;

    If ((count % 25) == 0)

     {

        Records. Add (symbol_set. Tostring ());

           Symbol_set.setlength (0);

      }

}

Records. Add (symbol_set.tostring ());

 Return records;

 }

 }

Whitespace differences between JAVA and Python

The following table can explain the whitespace differences between Python and JAVA:

Python	JAVA
Whitespace in Python is just a syntax	Where JAVA ignores the whitespace
Python uses the nesting and a null colon to start the loops and conditional blocks	JAVA ignores the Whitespace and uses the semicolons, parentheses, and curly braces.
Arguments over code are easier to read	Whereas JAVA arguments are complex
Python programming codes are more concise and uniform	JAVA programming codes may vary depends on the program we use

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Brevity differences between JAVA and Python

The below programs can explain the difference between JAVA and Python;

Python:

     With open(file_name, “r”) as in_file:

JAVA:

Try (BufferReader reader = new BufferReader (new FileReader (filename)))

{

…..

}

In both the programming example, the declaration creates the blocks. The file resources remain in the scope, and both the programming examples close it when the code exists in the block.’

In Python, we open the file and read the required details from it. When the loop reaches the end of the file, the loop exits.

For line in in_file:

Whereas in JAVA this condition seems to be more complicated and we need to open the BufferedReader bypassing the FileReader command. And all the time we need to check for the NULL values when the file ends.

Here is the example; you will get some idea,

While ((line = reader.readline ())! = null)

{

  ……..

}

Python will run a script from the beginning to the end of a file. But JAVA requires at least one entry point, a static method named main. The JAVA virtual machine runs the methods in the class passed the values to the command line.

Here the Python program tends to be faster and easier than in Java. This helps to manipulate the files or retrieving the data from the web resources.

Performance: JAVA VS python

Both JAVA and Python compile the byte codes and run in the virtual machine. This will isolate the codes from differences between the operating systems and makes the languages cross-platform. The important difference is that Python usually compiles the program codes at the run time, while JAVA compiles them at an advanced level and distributes the bytecodes. And most of the JVMs perform just-in-time compilation to all or part of the programs to native code, this significantly improves the performance.

The Core differences between The JAVA and Python

The below table will explain the core differences between Python and JAVA:

Python	JAVA
The Python is an interpreted programming language	The JAVA is a compiled programming language
Python language is dynamically typed	The JAVA is a statically programming language
This offers lots of string related to the functional module	JAVA offers limited string related to the functions
Easy to learn the codes and use	Complex to learn and use
The python offers both single and multiple inheritances	Multiple inheritances can be done through interfaces partially
Python uses the indentation to separate code into the code blocks	This uses curly braces to define the beginning and end of each function and class definitions
Python programs run faster than the JAVA	JAVA program runs slowly compared to Python
Python programs need an interpreter installed on the target machine to translate python code.	Any computer or mobile device which can run the java virtual machine can run java applications
Python needs only 2 lines of code	JAVA takes 10 lines of code to read from the files.

The interpreter translates the source code into the machine-independent bytecode in Python	JVM offers the run-rime environment to execute the code and convert the bytecodes into the machine language
Features: readable code Rapid development Beautiful code	Features: great libraries Widely used Excellent tooling The huge amount of documentation
Python is excellent for scientific and numeric computing, machine learning apps, more.	JAVA is best for Desktop GUI apps, embedded systems, web application services, etc.
Python offers weak connectivity	JAVA offers stable connectivity
The average salary for a python developer is $118,626/year.	The average salary for a Java developer is $103,464/year
JAVA is a platform-independent	Python dependent on the platform
Bigger social community	Smaller one but fast-growing community

Insight

As I said earlier,python and JAVA have their benefits as well as drawbacks,when you are looking for the right technology to develop the app you must consider the goals of the future app and its functionality. This article explains the major differences between these two popular programming languages and the code example.I hope this blog may help a few of you to learn and choose the best technology to develop your future applications.

Related Articles:

1. Python Partial Functions

2. Python Operators

3. Python Generators

4. Python List Length