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Node.js is a JavaScript runtime based on the V8 JavaScript engine in Chrome. You can use JavaScript to create quick, highly scalable applications because it enables JavaScript execution on the server side. Real-time apps like chat and gaming benefit greatly from Node.js' event-driven, non-blocking I/O approach. And, it's easy to learn and use, thanks to its JavaScript base. Additionally, it has a huge package ecosystem, npm, which allows easy sharing and reusing of code. It's used by a lot of big companies like Netflix, Uber, and PayPal. So, overall it's a powerful tool for developers to build efficient and high-performing web applications. Let’s learn more about it in this Node.js tutorial.
An open-source, cross-platform runtime environment called Node.js allows JavaScript code to be executed independently of a web browser. It enables programmers to create quick, scalable, and high-performance apps by using JavaScript on the server side.
Developers may simply install and use external libraries and modules with Node.js's package management (npm), which offers a robust collection of built-in modules. Because of this, it is simple to create advanced features with little new code and to reuse old code, which boosts productivity and speeds up development.
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Node.js allows developers to use JavaScript on the server side, which means that they can write both the front-end and back-end of an application using the same language. This can increase productivity and reduce development time.
It utilizes an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model, which makes it efficient for building real-time, data-intensive applications that can manage a massive number of concurrent connections.
Node.js is used by a wide range of organizations and individuals across various industries. Examples of companies that use Node.js include PayPal, Netflix, Uber, and LinkedIn. They use it to handle millions of requests per day and real-time applications and build scalable and high-performance applications. Additionally, it's also popular among startups, small-medium businesses, and individual developers for building web applications, RESTful APIs, and command-line tools.
Node.js was created by Ryan Dahl in 2009. He was inspired by the lack of non-blocking I/O support in JavaScript and aimed to create a more efficient way to build real-time, data-intensive applications.
The first version of Node.js was released on May 27, 2009, and since then it has gone through several updates and releases. Some of the significant versions and their release dates are:
You will get an idea of how to set up the development environment to build Node.js applications. You can do it on Windows, Ubuntu, or Linux, and the following would be required:
Installing Node.js on Windows can be done in the following steps:
1.Download the latest version of Node.js for Windows from the official website (https://nodejs.org/en/download/). You can choose to download the LTS (Long-term Support) version or the current version, depending on your needs.
2.Run the downloaded installer file, and follow the prompts to complete the installation process. This process should take a few minutes.
3.Once the installation is complete, open the Command Prompt and type "node -v" to check the version of Node.js that you have installed.
4.To check whether Node.js has been installed successfully, you can run "node" in the Command Prompt, it will open up Node.js REPL (Read-Eval-Print-Loop) where you can execute JavaScript commands.
5.You can also use Node Package Manager (npm) to install and manage packages for your project. To check the npm version you can run the "npm -v" command in the Command Prompt.
6.You can also add the Node.js path to the system environment variables to access it from any directory.
1.Go to Node.js official website https://nodejs.org/en/download
2.To install Node.js on Ubuntu/Linux, you can use the following commands:
First, update the package manager by running:
sudo apt-get update
Next, install Node.js and npm (Node Package Manager) by running:
sudo apt-get install nodejs npm
Verify the installation by running:
nodejs -v
npm -v
Related Article: Install Node.js on Ubuntu!
Node.js architecture is based on an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model. It uses JavaScript as the programming language and the V8 JavaScript engine from Google Chrome to execute JavaScript code on the server side. Node.js uses a single-threaded event loop that handles all incoming requests and manages the execution of JavaScript code.
The event loop listens for events, such as incoming network connections, and triggers the appropriate event handlers. Node.js also has a built-in module system, allowing developers to organize and reuse code easily.
This architecture allows for the efficient handling of large numbers of simultaneous connections, making Node.js well-suited for real-time applications like chat, gaming, and streaming.
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Node.js has three types of modules: Core Modules, Local Modules, and Third-Party Modules.
Core Modules: These are modules that are included with Node.js by default. Examples of core modules include the 'http' and 'fs' (file system) modules, which provide functionality for creating web servers and working with the file system.
Local Modules: These are modules created by the developer and are only accessible within the same application. Developers can create local modules by creating a new JavaScript file and using the module.exports and require() functions.
Third-Party Modules: These are modules that are created by other developers and are available through npm (Node Package Manager). Developers can use third-party modules by installing them via npm and importing them into their application using the require() function. Examples of popular third-party modules include 'Express' for web application development and 'Mongoose' for MongoDB database management.
Related Article: Node.js Modules!
Top 30 frequently asked Node.js Interview Questions !
Now that we’ve understood so much about Node.js, let us have a look at some of its advantages.
In A Nutshell
To sum up, Node.js is a powerful and versatile JavaScript runtime that allows for efficient real-time web applications, easy scalability, and a single programming language for both client-side and server-side development, with large and active community support.
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