Java Frameworks

A framework is a platform that assists in developing effective software applications. Generally, a framework speaks about the basic structure of the application. But some of these provide so much code that makes the developer's work easy. Also, the frameworks help them to work on any software project much more efficiently. Similarly, Java frameworks consist of some pre-written code through which developers can add their code. In this article, we will be talking about what a java framework is and several java frameworks such as Apache Struts, Apache Spark, Spring, Hibernate, Blade, and a lot more, along with their uses and advantages in Java.

What is Java Framework

The body or platform of pre-written programs known as the Java Framework is what Java developers utilize to create web apps or Java applications. In other words, the Java Framework is a set of predefined classes and functions used to control hardware devices, process input, and communicate with system applications. Java frameworks are collections of reused code that serve as templates for developers to utilize in building applications by adding new code as required. Similar to a skeleton, it aids the developer in creating an application by allowing them to write their own code. A few popular Java frameworks are Spring, Hibernate, Grails, Quarkus, etc. 

A framework will frequently influence how an application is structured. Some frameworks even include so much code that developing your application only requires minimal effort. Depending on how simple it is to use, this may or may not be a positive thing. Programming's foundation is made up of frameworks. You build on top of a strong foundation, and your software runs quickly and smoothly. Your existence is painful, brutal, and brief because you build on top of a bad foundation.

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Top 12 Java Frameworks

1. Spring

Enterprise Java uses the sophisticated yet lightweight Spring Framework for application development (JEE).

The Spring Framework's fundamental components can be utilized to create any Java application. It's referred to as a full modular framework. All layer implementations of a real-time application can use this framework. In contrast to other frameworks, it may also be used to construct a specific layer of a real-time application; but, with Spring, we can develop all layers.

Enterprise applications use Spring and all of its components, such as Spring MVC, Spring Core, Spring Security, Spring ORM, etc.

Let's examine the usage of the Spring framework now.

  • Developing a web application
  • Creating a Java Application
  • Used in JEE- Enterprise Java 

When it comes to the main businesses that utilize the Spring framework for application development, there are Netflix uses Spring Boot, eBay, Amazon, Yatra uses Spring MVC, etc

2. Hibernate

A reliable object-relational mapping framework for Java is called Hibernate ORM. It improves communication between relational database management systems and the Java programming language (RDBMS).

An issue known as Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch, sometimes known as Paradigm Mismatch, arises when working with an object-oriented language like Java. This is due to the fact that OO languages and RDBMSs handle data in different ways, which can generate serious incompatibility issues. As a result, Hibernate offers you a framework to get around Java's mismatch issues. 

Let's examine the usage of the Hibernate framework now.

  • It enables you to create persistent classes using object-oriented programming.
  • It bridges the gap between objects and relational terms and allows communication with any database using very minor code modifications.
  • It is a sophisticated ORM framework that enables you to use Java entities for database operations.

The main advantages of Hibernate are portability, productivity, and easy maintenance. It is a free and open-source network. It helps in removing the recurring code from JDBC API. 

When it comes to the main businesses that utilize the Hibernate framework for application development, there are Accenture, DELL, IBM, etc.

3. Struts

The Apache Software Foundation is in charge of maintaining this additional enterprise-level framework (ASF). This comprehensive Java web application framework enables the developers to produce a Java application that is simple to maintain. Two variations exist. Both Struts 1 and 2. Struts 2 combines the OpenSymphony webwork framework with Struts 1. But because Struts 2 is an updated version of Apache Struts, all businesses favor using it.

Let's examine the usage of the Struts framework now:

  • An MVC-based web application is created using the Struts 2 framework.
  • It makes use of and expands upon the Java Servlet API to assist developers in implementing MVC architecture

The main advantages of Struts are :

  • This framework documentation was created with active web developers in mind, and it presupposes that you are familiar with how Java web applications are made.
  • It decreases the amount of time needed for development and makes the application easier to manage.
  • Centralized Configuration is available. In other words, many Struts values are represented in XML or property files rather than being coded into Java programs.
  • To complete activities that are not developed on the platform, you can combine Struts with other Java frameworks.

When it comes to the main businesses that utilize the Struts framework for application development, there are Infosys, Accenture, and NexGen Technologies.

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4. Wicket

Wicket is the framework that enables you to create an application that is composed of a Java and an HTML file. Wicket stands apart for a number of reasons, including its component-based methodology and lack of XML configuration files. For application-wide settings like identifying a home page, you use a Java class rather than an XML configuration file.

Your web application's widgets are each produced in a Java class and shown on an HTML page. The HTML page and Java class must share the same name and source structure. Through a Wicket identifier, they are connected to one another. In order to rapidly and effectively design reusable components that can offer your web application a uniform look and feel without requiring much work on your part, you will be shown how the IDE enables the development of Wicket apps.

Wicket uses triads of components, each of which is made up of a Java class, HTML markup, and a model. Models serve as a front through which components can access the data.

By separating the component from data-centric processes, this structure offers a decent separation of responsibilities and promotes code reuse.

5. GWT - Google Web Toolkit

GWT, or Google Web Toolkit, is an open-source framework helpful in Java software development that helps developers to build and optimize complex apps which are browser-based.

Developers can quickly and easily create complex browser applications with GWT. You may create as well as debug Ajax applications in Java as well. With GWT, you can create intricate applications based on the browser without needing for being an authority on front-end innovations like JavaScript optimization or responsive design. The uses of GWT are:

  • It is user friendly
  • Uses google API
  • Helps in the maintenance and development of sophisticated front-end apps using JavaScript.

The main advantages of using the google web toolkit are listed below:

  • It promotes reuse for typical web development tasks.
  • GWT apps can leverage Google APIs.
  • It offers cross-browser portability, UI abstraction, internationalisation, bookmarking, and history management

6. DropWizard

A high-performance Java framework for the quick creation of RESTful web services is called Dropwizard. It works particularly well for developing Java microservices. The Dropwizard framework combines a number of well-known Java libraries to offer a quick and distraction-free development environment.

All the requirements are condensed into a single package and are contained in the independent ecosystem known as Dropwizard.

The uses of GWT are:

  • Friendly Java framework for operations
  • Aids in the development of Java microservices

The main advantages of using the google web toolkit are listed below:

It is simple to carry out fast prototyping.
It creates powerful RESTful web services.
furthermore backs numerous open-source and independent libraries
Project Bootstrap Quick
Enhanced productivity

7. Play

For highly scalable Java applications, this reactive web and mobile framework are used. Play makes it possible to create Java and Scala applications that are web-friendly and lightweight for desktop and mobile interfaces. It is frequently contrasted with other powerful language frameworks, such as Python's Django and Ruby's Ruby on Rails.

Play is a distinctive Java framework because it is independent of Java EE standards. In opposition to that, it aims to do away with all the drawbacks of conventional Java web development, including lengthy configuration times and slow development cycles. Play framework, which is based on Akka Toolkit, halts the development of concurrent and distributed Java Virtual Machine applications.

The usage of the Play framework are:

  • Applications on the web that need content production
  • Builds applications in Java and Scala

Let's discuss the advantages of the Play framework are:

  • Allows non-blocking I/O, which is essential for high-performance applications.
  • It provides features like rapid code reloading, convention over configuration, and error messages in the browser.
  • Results that are more adaptable and failure-tolerant

8. Vaadin

A web-based application called Vaadin framework puts a strong emphasis on UX accessibility. You can use it as a platform for efficient Java programming. Vaadin enables you to create web applications using components that may be customized.

It allows Java Virtual Machine users direct access to the DOM. With the most recent version, the Vaadin team divided the once-monolithic framework into two parts. Additionally, it contains a slim Java framework called Vaadin flow that manages communication and routing with the server-client platform.

Let us talk about the usage of the Vaadin framework:

  • This framework automates all the communication between the browser and the server
  • It simplifies web application development

The advantages of the Vaadin framework are:

  • With Vaadin, the user is able to perform binding of the data by using either MVP or MVC.
  • One of many outstanding features is the ability to drag & drop items. makes it simpler to develop Java apps with single-page user interfaces.
  • With WebSocket functionality, automated client-server dialogue is possible.
  • You can use Java or HTML to create views.
  • Helps in the binding of data
  • A router that supports parameters and nested routes.
  • It supports Scala and Kotlin as JVM languages
  • Integrated Spring support

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9. Blade

It is a comprehensive web framework made of a lightweight, simple and effective bundle of high-performance Java components. The blade is a compact MVC framework that offers a restful routing interface, making the web API simpler and clearer to grasp. It also aids in data synchronisation with the website.

Blade is based on Java 8, and the framework also consists of a web server and template engine. According to the minimal impression, the source code is less than 500 kilobytes in size overall.

Let us talk about the usage of the Blade framework

  • It helps you become independent, effective, graceful, observant, and swift.
  • It is employed to produce a compact MVC application

The advantages of the Blade framework are:

  • Plug-in extensions and web jar resources are supported by Blade.
  • It has the ability to configure multiple files
  • Additionally, it has protection support for CSRF and XSS.

10. Grails

The dynamic framework known as Grails was created using the Groovy JVM programming language. It is an object-oriented language designed to increase developer efficiency on the Java platform. The compiled JVM (Java Virtual Machine) bytecode has a Java-compatible syntax. The Java technologies that Grails supports include Java EE containers, Spring, SiteMesh, Quartz, and Hibernate.

Now let us talk about the usage of this framework:

  • It has comprehensive and simple-to-understand documentation, making it very developer-friendly.
  • Additionally, you may create your own plugins and provide support for various platforms in the Grails IDE.
  • The majority of e-commerce websites use Grails.

The main advantages of Grails framework are:

  • Groovy is used as its coding language, and because Groovy is related to Java, programmers believe that learning Grails is simpler.
  • The object mapping feature is simple to use.
  • Through the use of plugins, it modularizes the program and encourages code reuse between many Grails applications.
  • Offers flexible profile options

11. Apache Spark

When used alone or in conjunction with other distributed computing technologies, Apache Spark is a data processing framework that can quickly conduct operations on extremely large data sets and distribute tasks across multiple servers. These two characteristics are essential to the fields of big data and machine learning, which depend on the mobilization of enormous computer power to process huge data warehouses. Spark also relieves developers of some of the programming duties related to distributed computing and big data processing thanks to a straightforward API that abstracts away the majority of the tiresome work.

Apache Spark is the top platform for large-scale SQL, batch processing, stream processing, and machine learning because it is quick, adaptable, and developer-friendly. 

12. JavaServer Faces (JSF)

To construct user interfaces for online applications based on Java, Oracle developed JavaServer Faces. It adheres to the Java Community Process (JCP) initiative's official standard. It has a remarkably solid framework.

This UI framework is built on components. The architecture of JSF, which is based on the MVC design pattern software, completely specifies the difference between application logic and representation.

Let's examine the usage of the JSF framework now:

  • They are component-based User-interface
  • It aids in the development of native applications

The advantages of working with JSF are:

  • JSF is a crucial component of Java EE.
  • It offers top-notch tools and extensive libraries
  • It enables the addition of a web interface to already existing Java backend code without requiring a new framework to be added to the original application.

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Concussion

In this article, we have talked about the Java framework and the importance o a framework in Java. Java Framework is a predefined class and function set to control hardware devices, process input, and communicate with system applications. We have discussed various Java frameworks such as Apache Struts, Apache Spark, Spring, Hibernate, Blade, and a lot more along with their uses and advantages in Java. 

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Amani
Amani
Research Analyst
As a content writer at HKR trainings, I deliver content on various technologies. I hold my graduation degree in Information technology. I am passionate about helping people understand technology-related content through my easily digestible content. My writings include Data Science, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Python, Salesforce, Servicenow and etc.

FAQs ForJava Frameworks

Google Web Toolkit is the best framework for Java as this framework was undoubtedly developed by Google to produce rich Java online applications. One of GWT's best advantages is its ability to translate Java code into custom JavaScript code that is based on the browser.

There are more than 30 frameworks available in Java 

One of the most popular, excellent, and lightweight Java software application frameworks is the Spring Framework, which was created for program design, development, and deployment. 

Java EE or Jakarta EE is one of the most in-demand skills for Java developers.

The front end is impacted by spring as well. It is a Java framework, while not a "frontend framework" per se, and can be used everywhere Java is used.