Blockchain Programming

Hybrid Blockchains:

These blockchains are generally controlled with an oversight performance handled by a public blockchain and are done by a single organisation. They perform the transactions together. There are several examples of hybrid blockchains such as  IBM Food Trust, developed for improving the efficiency of the complete food supply chain. 

Popular Blockchain platforms

Ethereum:

Ethereum is a blockchain-powered decentralised network that works globally as a powerful unit. The cryptocurrency working for Ethereum are crypto, ether, and ETH. This technology is used by the people who aim to design a digitally secure network. It is not only secure but decentralised as well as scalable. Ethereum is the top choice for industries and enterprises in today’s era. 
Ethereum works in a very powerful manner. Let us suppose that there is a long chain of blocks present. These blocks contain all information and it is then transferred to each newly-created block including the new data that is created. There is an automated duplicate as well as a distributed copy of the network being created throughout. Unless there is permission granted from the network, no one can make the changes to the blockchain hence Ethereum is a very secure network. Its currency can be stored as mobile wallets, hardware wallets, web wallets, paper wallets, or desktops. 

Corda:

Corda is a very famous open-source project in the blockchain. It is designed for enterprises that design businesses from scratch. The main advantage to work with Corda is it allows its users to build an interoperable network that ensures strict privacy. Corda is also known for its smart contract technology that allows upcoming businesses to make transactions directly. It also offers services such as timestamping for ordering the transactions temporarily, ignoring the disputes. It consists of smart logic that can specify constraints ensuring whether the state transitions are valid in the contract code. Corda also ensures privacy, identity, scalability, and security in transactions. 

Hyperledger:

Hyperledger was created in the year 2015 as an open-source community that focuses on the development of a stable suite of frameworks, libraries, and tools for permissioned blockchain deployments. Hyperledger is hosted by The Linux Foundation as a globally created collaboration. It includes several member organisations which are dealing in banking, finance, IoT, supply chains, technology as well as manufacturing. It has a few sub-projects as well such as Cello, Composer, Hyperledger Fabric, Sawtooth, etc.
The main purpose of this blockchain technology is to accelerate an industry-wide collaboration to develop high-performance as well as reliable blockchain based on distributed ledger framework which can be used globally in the various industry sectors. It aims at enhancing efficiency, transactions, and performance of all the business processes. 

Top Blockchain Programming Languages

java:

There are a few steps that a user needs to follow for implementing blockchain in Java. Let us see the steps to be followed below:

• Creating Blocks: The user needs to create the blocks to implement a block class. A user will hash (will contain the block hash), previousHash (will contain the previous block’s hash), String Data (stores the block data), long timeStamp, and calculateHash() function for generating the hash.
• Generating Hash: There is an algorithm that is used to generate the hashes. It is SHA256 that needs to be implemented. 
• Storage of the blocks: The blocks can be stored in ArrayList of blocks. They also store the hash values and this is executed by calling a constructor of the block class. 
• Blockchain Validity: This is executed by creating a boolean method that checks the validity of the blockchain. This method is generally executed in the main class of the java program. The main class checks if the hash matches or not. If the calculated hash matches, then the block is marked valid otherwise it is marked invalid.